Echography and Doppler of the Brain (PDF)

Chiara Robba, after graduating, began her training in Anaesthesia and Intensive Care in Genoa, Italy. She subsequently worked in the Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Addenbrooke's Hospital in Cambridge, UK, and completed her PhD on "Ultrasound-based non-invasive intracranial pressure" under the supervision of Professor Marek Czosnyka. Her main fields of interest are neurosciences and neurocritical care, with a particular focus on brain ultrasound and non-invasive intracranial pressure. She has authored several publications on cerebral haemodynamics in TBI and SAH patients.



Giuseppe Citerio is a Professor of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care at Milano Bicocca University, School of Medicine and Surgery; Director of Anaesthesia and Neurosurgical Intensive Care at San Gerardo Hospital, ASST-Monza; and Director of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care at Desio Hospital, ASST-Monza. After an initial experience at San Raffaele Hospital in Milan, he started Neurointensive and Neuroanesthesia service at San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, in the early 1990s. While at the Neurosurgical Intensive Care Unit, he actively participated in national and international research networks, such as BrainIT and CenterTBI. Dr. Citerio has also been involved in numerous research protocols and drug trials, in many cases acting at the principal investigator. His research activities are focused on TBI, subarachnoid haemorrhage, neuroanesthesia, neurointensive care, and brain death/organ donation. Dr. Citerio has participated in the development of international guidelines on the treatment of patients with subarachnoid haemorrhage and neuromonitoring, and has developed more than 50 courses in Italy and Europe on Neurointensive Care topics. In addition to publishing more than 330 indexed articles, he served as an Associate Editor for the journal Intensive Care Medicine from 2007 to 2012, and is now the journal's Editor-in-Chief.