Astrophysics with Radioactive Isotopes / Astrophysics and Space Science Library Bd.453 (PDF)
Dealing with astrophysics derived from the radiation emitted by radioactive atomic nuclei, this book describes the different methods used to measure cosmic radio-isotopes. It demonstrates how this astronomical window...
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Dealing with astrophysics derived from the radiation emitted by radioactive atomic nuclei, this book describes the different methods used to measure cosmic radio-isotopes. It demonstrates how this astronomical window has contributed to the understanding of the sources and the chemical evolution of cosmic gas. Reference materials and explanations are included for students in advanced stages of their education.
Nuclear reactions in different sites across the universe lead to the production of stable and unstable nuclei. Their abundances can be measured through different methods, allowing to study the various nuclear processes taking place in cosmic environments. Nucleosynthesis is the cosmic formation of new nuclear species, starting from hydrogen and helium resulting from the big bang origins. Stars create and eject synthesized nuclei during their evolution and explosions. Incorporation of the new interstellar composition into next-generation stars characterises the compositional (chemical) evolution of cosmic gas in and between galaxies. Radioactive species have unique messages about how this occurs.
Since the first Edition of this book published in 2011 with the title Astronomy with Radioactivities, long-awaited new direct observations of supernova radioactivity have been made and are now addressed in two updated chapters dealing with supernovae. In this second Edition, the advances of recent years beyond one-dimensional treatments of stellar structure and stellar explosions towards 3-dimensional models have been included, and led to significant re-writings in Chapters 3-5. The sections on the Solar System origins have been re-written to account for new insights into the evolution of giant molecular clouds. The chapter on diffuse radioactivities now also includes material measurements of radioactivities in the current solar system, and their interpretations for recent nucleosynthesis activity in our Galaxy. Significant new results on gamma-rays from positron annihilations have been accounted for in that chapter, and led to new links with nucleosynthesis sources as well as interstellar transport processes. A new chapter now provides a description of interstellar processes often called 'chemical evolution', thus linking the creation of new nuclei to their abundance observations in gas and stars. The experimental / instrumental chapters on nuclear reaction measurements, on gamma-ray telescopes, and pre-solar grain laboratories have been updated. Moreover, new windows of astronomy that have been opened up in recent years have been included in the discussions of the multi-messenger approach that broadens the basis for astrophysical insights.
Dieter H. Hartmann is a Professor of Astrophysics on the faculty of the Department of Physics and Astronomy at Clemson University, South Carolina, USA. He holds a Ph.D. from the University of
Nikos Prantzos is Director of research in the Paris Institute of Astrophysics. He holds a PhD in nuclear astrophysics from Paris VII University (1986). His main scientific interests are on stellar evolution and nucleosynthesis, with an emphasis on galactic chemical evolution and high energy astrophysics, in particular gamma-ray line astronomy and the composition of galactic cosmic rays. He coordinated various international teams doing theoretical work on these topics, and on interpretations of the variety of astronomical observations, including high-energy data on gamma rays and cosmic rays. He served as member of the time allocation committee of ESA's gamma-ray satellite INTEGRAL. He was representative of Greece in the Board of Directors of the European journal "Astronomy and Astrophysics" and he served as member of the Councils of the Greek Astronomical Society, the French Astronomical Society and the French Society of Physics. He was awarded the annual distinction of the French Astronomical Society in 1994. He is also author of science popularisation books, which have been translated into several other languages.
- 2018, 2nd ed. 2018, 674 Seiten, Englisch
- Herausgegeben: Roland Diehl, Dieter H. Hartmann, Nikos Prantzos
- Verlag: Springer-Verlag GmbH
- ISBN-10: 3319919296
- ISBN-13: 9783319919294
- Erscheinungsdatum: 11.10.2018
Abhängig von Bildschirmgrösse und eingestellter Schriftgrösse kann die Seitenzahl auf Ihrem Lesegerät variieren.
- Dateiformat: PDF
- Grösse: 19 MB
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