Surgical Correction of Astigmatism

CATARACT PATIENTS: Optimization of Surgical Techniques and Pearls to Understanding Astigmatism.- Using Vector Analysis to Calculate SIA and Residual Astigmatism.- Astigmatic Effects of Clear Corneal Incisions.- Optimization of Toric IOL Calculation.- Clinical Implications of Posterior Corneal Astigmatism.- Improving Axis Alignment.- Preoperative Evaluation: 10 Key Points to Remember.- Surgical Correction of Astigmatism with Incisional Techniques: Tips and Tricks.- Surgical Correction of Astigmatism with Toric IOLs: Achieving the Refractive Target.- Correction of Corneal Astigmatism with Femtosecond Relaxing Incisions.- Nomogram Development for Femto-Relaxing Incisions.- Multifocal Toric IOLs: Patients Selection and Refractive Results. REFRACTIVE PATIENTS: Topographic Analysis and the Current Standard for Keratoconus Screening.- Principles of Photoastigmatic Photoablation.- Excimer Laser Correction of Astigmatism: Clinical Results with Various Laser Platforms.- Compensation of Cyclotorsion.- Topography Guided Excimer Laser Surgery: Indications and Techniques.- Collagen Crosslinking Excimer Laser Surgery: Indications and Techniques.- Surgical Management of Astigmatism in Adolescents.- Evaluation and Management of Posterior Astigmatism in Pediatric Ophthalmology.- Surgical Correction of Astigmatism after PK.