Enhancing Leadership Development in Kenyan MBA Programs

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Chapter 2: LITERATURE REVIEW:
2.1 Introduction:
The quality and relevance of the MBA education has been a matter of concern and debate to both practitioners and academicians in many parts of the world (Beck-Jones & Harper, 2009; Bolden, 2007; Bruce, 2010; Hill, 2006; Mathews & Edwards, 2005; Robbins, Bradley, Spicer, & Mecklenburg, 2001; Sulaiman & Mohezar, 2009; Zhao, Truell, Alexander & Hill, 2006). There is therefore, need to review and improve the quality of MBA programs in order to make business education more relevant to the needs of the graduates aspiring to serve in a fast changing business environment.
2.2 From Management Education to Leadership Education:
The difference between managerial and leadership roles has become more pronounced over the last few decades. Zaleznik (1977) who was among the first scholars to highlight the difference between the two roles perceived that, leaders and managers are essentially different types of people, and hence the conditions favorable to the growth of one may he contrary to the others. Underlying Zaleznik's argument is the fact that leaders develop differently from managers and therefore a different approaches are appropriate for the development of each.
Kotter (1990) took Zaleznik's insights further and pointed out that, while managers promote stability, leaders press for change and that, organizations need both to thrive during turbulent times. Kotter's distinction between leadership and management lies within the key function and the activities involved in each role. In terms of function, management is about coping with complexity while leadership is about coping with change. Kotter's distinction of the two roles of management and leadership emphasized the need to apply the right approach depending on the desired result.
To produce effective leaders for the 21st century therefore, MBA programs must go beyond equipping business students with knowledge and skills for planning,

Benson Katulwa is a senior lecturer in the School of Professional Studies at Scott Christian University. Prior to this, he served as the director of the Master of Arts in Leadership Program at Pan Africa Christian University (2008-2014).
Benson earned his first degree (BA) from the University of Nairobi (1989), his second degree (MAL) from Pan Africa Christian University (2005), a Doctorate in Business Administration (DBA) in 2012 from the Swiss Management Centre University (Switzerland) and a Doctor of Philosophy in Business Administration (PhD) from University of Central Nicaragua.
In addition, he holds a Certificate in 'Excellence in Teaching Online" from Washington State University Global Campus.
Dr. Katulwa has a wide experience in teaching, training and advising graduate students in leadership and business field; a founding member of the Global Lead Alliance (GLA), which promotes networking of organizations involved in leadership development around the world. Through GLA he has been involved in the training of church leaders in Kenya, India and Malawi.
He is currently involved in research and training in the field of business leadership and management.