Basic Studies on the Dual-Polymer Flocculation of Iron Hydroxide

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Chapter 3.2 Method:
3.2.1 Charge Quantification:
Due to the form of flocculants that was used (solid form), stock solution (1.0 g/l) was prepared in order to save the preparation time and conserve the flocculants. This was later diluted to appropriate concentration. Each of the solutions was used within a period of 5 days for effectiveness and accuracy of result. For the quantification of each flocculants, 10ml of the sample was poured into the measuring cell of the PCD03, the piston ring was appropriately positioned inside the measuring cell which was fixed to the PCD meter. The motor was switched on and allowed to run for about 1-2 minutes for the stabilization of the potential. The burette tip of the automatic titrator was inserted for the titration. Poly-DADMAC polyelectrolyte was used for A130 and N300 while Pes-Na was used for C492. Ferric hydroxide was quantified using Poly-DADMAC polyelectrolyte.
3.2.1.1 Operating Principle of PCD03:
The Charge Particle Detector meter works according to the principle of streaming current detection. There was a gap which was defined between the piston and the wall of the vessel (measuring cell). The piston moves through a motor that drives it up and down instituting a fluid flow whereby free counter ions are swept away and separated from the adsorbed sample in the cell. A current is then induced by the counter ions in the built-in gold electrode which displays the streaming potential (Figure 6). [...].
For quantitative charge measurement, polyelectrolyte or colloid, titration was conducted with the Particle Charge Detector (PCD) which uses the streaming current to identify the point of zero charge 0 mV (equivalence point). An oppositely charged polyelectrolyte was used with an already known charge density and added to the sample as titrant. The titrant charges then neutralize the existing charge of the sample to the isoelectric equivalence point which was the termination point for the titration. The common

Adesipo Adegbite Adeleke holds a Master's degree in Environmental and Resource Management and currently is a research assistant (as well as a PhD student) at the Chair of Soil Protection and Recultivation at Brandenburg University of Technology, Cottbus-Senftenberg.