Asbestos Exposure in India
(Sprache: Englisch)
The International Agency for Cancer Research (IARC) classifies asbestos as a proven human carcinogen. No amount of asbestos exposure is safe for human health. Consequently, the use of all forms of asbestos has been banned in most of the developed countries....
Voraussichtlich lieferbar in 3 Tag(en)
versandkostenfrei
Buch (Kartoniert)
Fr. 52.00
inkl. MwSt.
- Kreditkarte, Paypal, Rechnungskauf
- 30 Tage Widerrufsrecht
Produktdetails
Produktinformationen zu „Asbestos Exposure in India “
Klappentext zu „Asbestos Exposure in India “
The International Agency for Cancer Research (IARC) classifies asbestos as a proven human carcinogen. No amount of asbestos exposure is safe for human health. Consequently, the use of all forms of asbestos has been banned in most of the developed countries. Unfortunately, India has failed to impose such a ban. Despite the fact that a ban on mining in India is being placed for more than 20 years, mines in the private sector of India are still in operation and asbestos continues to be used in large quantities. The official reason given by both industry and government is that it is a material for the poor as it is cheap and has many good properties. Generally, people in the slum area often cook their food in the open wood fire under asbestos roofing. This results in cracking of asbestos cement roofs exposing asbestos, making it friable as the height of most rural houses roofed with asbestos cement is too small to have effective air circulation. In addition, on the roofs of Indian slums, where it is sawn and fixed by hand, it's difficult to avoid releasing a large number of dangerous fibers. The inhabitants paint their asbestos roofing with emulsion paint which also deteriorates it, rapidly resulting in discoloration and mould growth. As a result, Asbestos related diseases are more common in the slum area.In this study, an asbestos cement sample was randomly scanned at various magnifications to identify asbestos fibers and determine how asbestos fibers are mixed with construction materials. Laboratory analyses were performed on the asbestos cement sample to establish a relationship between:
i) morphology (shape of the crystals), ii) the asbestos cement mineralogical composition using SEM analyses and iii) high magnification structure of the individual fibers (fibrils), as well as iv) energy dispersive x-ray analysis of the fiber chemistry by comparison to a standard. Also, quantification analysis of fiber length and thickness was performed due to the reason that
... mehr
fibrogenicity and carcinogenicity of asbestos fibers are both dependent on several fiber parameters including fiber dimensions.
There are several standards specified under the Factories Act and Mines Act including limits of exposure. But standards in India are only on paper. All forms of asbestos pose grave to human health. All are proven human carcinogens. There is no continued justification for the use of asbestos. Ist production and use should be banned worldwide. A global ban on asbestos is needed.
There are several standards specified under the Factories Act and Mines Act including limits of exposure. But standards in India are only on paper. All forms of asbestos pose grave to human health. All are proven human carcinogens. There is no continued justification for the use of asbestos. Ist production and use should be banned worldwide. A global ban on asbestos is needed.
... weniger
Lese-Probe zu „Asbestos Exposure in India “
Text sample:Chapter 4: HEALTH IMPACTS DUE TO ASBESTOS EXPOSURE IN INDIA:
4.1 Toxicity of various types of Asbestos:
Asbestos (actinolite, anthophyllite, amosite, crocidolite, tremolite and chrysotile) has been classified by the International Agency for Research on Cancer as being carcinogenic to humans [International Agency for Research on Cancer, 2012]. Exposure to solely chrysotile, amosite and anthophyllite and to mixtures containing crocidolite results in an increased risk of lung cancer [Nat.Toxicology Program, 2011]. Scientists from the United States National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) concluded that chrysotile asbestos should be treated with virtually the same level of concern as the amphibole forms of asbestos [Dodson and Hammar, 2005; NIOSH, 2011]. Chrysotile asbestos has also produced tumors in animals and is also a recognized cause of asbestosis and malignant mesothelioma in humans [Kanarek, 2011]. Likewise mesothelioma has been observed in people who were occupationally exposed to amosite, tremolite, crocidolite and chrysotile, as well as family members of the occupationally exposed, and also to the general people living in the neighborhood close to asbestos factories and mines [Marbbn, 2009].
4.2 Asbestos Related Disease (ARD):
Fine fibers are more likely to be breathe in than coarse fibers with the reason that they remain suspended in the air for longer. The thin fibers are generally generated when asbestos-containing material is roughly handled, can penetrate deep into the lung where they can lead to potentially life-threatening lung and abdominal conditions, including asbestosis, lung cancer and mesothelioma [The Occupational Safety and Health Administration, 2012]. Exposure to a quantity of airborne asbestos fibers is detrimental to human health. The toxicity of asbestos has been known since the early twentieth century and linked almost exclusively to pleural mesothelioma [McCormack, 2012]. Asbestos are generally 50
... mehr
to 200 times thinner than a human hair [Wachowski and Domka, 2000], and if breathed into the lungs the possible health effects includes mainly three deadly diseases, characterized by extended latency periods (length of the time between exposure and the onset of diseases) [Allen, 2010]. In India, the latency period is estimated to be 20 to 37 years [Ramanathan and Subramanian, 2001]. Moreover, due to this long latency period for asbestos diseases, diagnosis is difficult, and periodic checkups are almost non-existent. Hence, most of the asbestos-related diseases are not diagnosed [Pandita, 2006]. There are no comprehensive data accessible to analyze the over-all number of deaths in India due to asbestos, since the records do not classify different causes of respiration problems [Subramanian and Madhavan, 2005] and there is no register for ARD.
4.2.1 Asbestosis:
Asbestosis is diffuse pulmonary fibrosis caused by the inhalation of asbestos fibers, generally after high level, long term exposure over 15-20 years [Coleman and Tsongalis, 2009]. Fibrosis begins sub-pleural in the lower lobes and may develop extensive after exposure to asbestos has terminated. There is no effective treatment for asbestosis [Greenberg et al., 2003]. Asbestosis tends to be linked to heavy occupational exposure of asbestos fibers. The risk of asbestosis is minimal for persons who are not directly associated with asbestos workings, meaning the disease is rarely caused by neighborhood or family exposure. Those who renovate or demolish buildings that contain asbestos are at significant risk, depending on the nature of the expose and precaution taken [Allen, 2005]. The higher the exposure, the greater the chances of developing asbestosis and the shorter the time it takes [Allen, 2010].
4.2.2 Malignant Mesothelioma:
Malignant Mesothelioma is a rare form of cancer which often occurs in the thin membrane lining of the lung, abdomen, chest and (rarely) heart [Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, 201
4.2.1 Asbestosis:
Asbestosis is diffuse pulmonary fibrosis caused by the inhalation of asbestos fibers, generally after high level, long term exposure over 15-20 years [Coleman and Tsongalis, 2009]. Fibrosis begins sub-pleural in the lower lobes and may develop extensive after exposure to asbestos has terminated. There is no effective treatment for asbestosis [Greenberg et al., 2003]. Asbestosis tends to be linked to heavy occupational exposure of asbestos fibers. The risk of asbestosis is minimal for persons who are not directly associated with asbestos workings, meaning the disease is rarely caused by neighborhood or family exposure. Those who renovate or demolish buildings that contain asbestos are at significant risk, depending on the nature of the expose and precaution taken [Allen, 2005]. The higher the exposure, the greater the chances of developing asbestosis and the shorter the time it takes [Allen, 2010].
4.2.2 Malignant Mesothelioma:
Malignant Mesothelioma is a rare form of cancer which often occurs in the thin membrane lining of the lung, abdomen, chest and (rarely) heart [Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, 201
... weniger
Autoren-Porträt von Maya Yadav
Maya Yadav is from Nepal and recently accomplished her Master degree in Sustainable Resource Management from Technische Universitaet Muenchen, Germany, where her core concentration field was waste management and landscape management. Additionally, she has been working in an NGO named Women in Europe for Common Future (WECF) as Project Assistant for sustainable solutions.
Bibliographische Angaben
- Autor: Maya Yadav
- 2016, 76 Seiten, 26 Abbildungen, Masse: 15,5 x 22 cm, Kartoniert (TB), Englisch
- Verlag: Anchor Academic Publishing
- ISBN-10: 395489453X
- ISBN-13: 9783954894536
Sprache:
Englisch
Kommentar zu "Asbestos Exposure in India"
0 Gebrauchte Artikel zu „Asbestos Exposure in India“
| Zustand | Preis | Porto | Zahlung | Verkäufer | Rating |
|---|
Schreiben Sie einen Kommentar zu "Asbestos Exposure in India".
Kommentar verfassen