The Critique of Pure Reason (ePub)

Immanuel Kant, a central figure in modern philosophy, was born in Königsberg, Prussia (now Kaliningrad, Russia) on April 22, 1724. He never ventured far from his hometown, where he spent his academic career and wrote prolifically. His comprehensive and systematic work in epistemology (the theory of knowledge), ethics, and aesthetics have made him one of the most influential figures in Western intellectual history. Kant's most notable work, 'The Critique of Pure Reason' (Kritik der reinen Vernunft, 1781), stands as a cornerstone in the development of modern philosophy. In it, he seeks to determine the limits and scope of metaphysics, using a method known as transcendental philosophy. Through his critical examination of reason, Kant aimed to establish a foundation upon which to secure the sciences and morality, thus seeking to avoid the extremes of skepticism and dogmatism. His work introduced a new framework for understanding the relationship between mind and world, fundamentally changing the course of subsequent philosophy. Often challenging, Kant's style is meticulous and complex, reflecting his aspiration to provide thorough and precise philosophical argumentation. Posthumously, his ideas greatly influenced various philosophical movements, including German Idealism and the critical philosophy that dominated the 19th and 20th centuries. He died on February 12, 1804, but his work continues to resonate within philosophical debates and analyses.