Travelling Goods, Travelling Moods - Varieties of Cultural Appropriation (1850-1950); .

matter where things come from-even when they do not actually come from there? Goods partake in specific networks: they are ­conceived by certain people in certain places, they are produced from specif­ic materials using specific techniques and machineries, they are used by certain people in certain ways and they are named and described in relation to similar, familiar things. In short, they are embedded within a specific culture, part of a specific, albeit contingent, fabric of meaning, practice and material­ity. Apparently, things are nothing without a context, and by their associa­tion with context they are attuned to a certain mood, a certain disposition. When we encounter goods we cannot but react to these moods.

The questions that this volume asks seem simple: what happens to the mood of a good once it travels from one culture to another? What happens to the original mood of a good within a new culture? Is it maintained, dismissed or transformed? Does this process change the good? Does it affect the cultures involved? The process that decides what place a thing shall have within a culture, and at the same time decides on the mood of a good, is what we term (trans-)cultural appropriation. What happens when a culture makes an alien good its own?

To answer these questions we examine an historical period (1850-1950) when processes of globalization and the consequent presence of foreign goods on local markets were not as widespread as today, but when this presence was all the more heavily and controversially discussed. The goods we concentrate on in this edited volume fall into three categories: food, books and machines. These represent anthropological necessities (food), key cultural products (books) and technologies central to modern civilizations (machines). Each section comprises three essays preceded by a short introduction outlin­ing the general characteristics of the good in question and the particular perspec­tive of each individual contribution. The volume opens with an in­troduction to the concept of cultural appropriation by one of its foremost theorists, the ethnologist Hans Peter Hahn. The closing text, by the editors of this volume, revisits the theory of cultural appropriation, taking into con­sideration what the case studies assembled here can contribute to the understanding of the concept.

In order to comprehend assorted processes of cultural appropriation, research into it must not only be transcultural, but also transdisciplinary. We therefore bring together researchers from anthropology, ethnology, history, media studies, sociology, and from American, Asian, English, German and Scandinavian studies. Accordingly, the different contributions display a wide assortment of approaches to the phenomena in question. We hope this melee of cultures, disciplines and approaches does not confuse readers but inspires them to scrutinize processes of cultural appropriation from a multiplicity of angles. We hope the varieties of cultural appropriation we present here open new perspectives on such travelling goods and travelling moods as readers may encounter them in their research and everyday life.

The editors would like to thank Meltem Gökdemir and Alexander Joachimsmeier for their meticulous work in copy editing the manuscript, as well as John Foulks for his thorough proofreading and his willingness to engage with the manifold arguments presented in each individual article; any remain­ing errors are the responsibility of the editors. Also, we would like to thank Andreas Walter, Benjamin Frahm and Beke Hansen for their help in setting up the conference that laid the foundations for this book. Furthermore, we would like to thank all participants in the conference for their interesting and most valuable contributions. Most importantly, we would like to thank Nicola Dropmann and Sonja Weishaupt, our fellow members of the Emmy Noether-research group "Travelling Goods // Travelling Moods: A Transcultural Study of the Acculturation of Consumer Goods, 1918-1933," as well as Susanne Scholz, Ulfried Reichardt, Doris Feldmann, Michael Lackner, Anja Schwanhäusser, Angelika C. Messner, Jutta Zimmermann and Felix Konrad for discussing various aspects of cultural appropriation with us. Finally, we would like to thank the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), without whose generous financial support the production of this edited volume and the research its findings are based on would not have been possible.