Thoracic Aortic Diseases

State of the Art.- Radio-Anatomy of the Thoracic Aorta. 3D Imaging of the Aorta (CT, MRI and 3D Rotational Angiography).- Embryology and Congenital Abnormalities of the Aorta.- Hemodynamics of Aortic Dissection.- Transesophageal Echocardiography for Diagnosis and Treatment of Aortic Diseases.- Biomarkers in Acute Aortic Syndrome.- Medical Aspect of the Aortic Diseases: the Follow-Up and Its Warnings.- Spinal Cord Protection for Descending Aortic Surgery. Clinical and Scientific Basis for Contemporary Surgical Practice.- Anaesthesia for Aortic Surgery.- Deep Hypothermia and Circulatory Arrest.- Anaesthetic Management of the Endovascular Thoracic Aorta.- Treatment of Thoracic Degenerative Aortic Aneurysms.- Surgical Treatment.- The New Wave of Elephant Trunk Technique.- Management of the Horizontal Aorta with the Inoue Branched Stent-Graft.- Distal Aortic Perfusion and Selective Visceral Perfusion.- Femoral Bypass and Hypothermia for the Treatment of Thoracoabdominal Aneurysms.- Branch Stent-Graft Systems and Less Invasive Combined Surgical and Endovascular Treatment for Descending Thoracic Aortic Aneurysms.- Dissection.- Pathophysiology of Aortic Dissection.- Surgical Treatment of Acute Type B Dissection.- Surgical Treatment of Chronic Descending Aortic Dissection.- Endovascular Therapy for Aortic Dissection.- The Use of Endografts to Treat Chronic Descending Thoracic Aortic Dissections.- Problems Encountered During and After Stent-Graft Treatment of Aortic Dissection.- Medical Treatment or Endovascular Stent-Graft Treatment for Acute Aortic Syndrome.- Physiopathology of Ischemic Complications of Aortic Dissections.- Endovascular Treatment of the Complications of Aortic Dissection: Fenestration and Stenting.- Infections.- Thoracic Infectious Aortitis.- Is There a Place for Endovascular Treatment in Thoracic or Thoraco-abdominal Mycotic Aneurysms?.- Aortic Hematoma and Ulcers.- Intramural Aortic Hematoma and Aortic Ulcers, Physiopathology and Natural History.- The