Sustainable use of Genetic Diversity in Forage
(Sprache: Englisch)
Grassland produces feed for livestock, improves soil fertility and structure, protects water resources and may contribute to climate change mitigation through carbon storage and to biodiversity preservation. It simultaneously maintains sustainable economic...
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Klappentext zu „Sustainable use of Genetic Diversity in Forage “
Grassland produces feed for livestock, improves soil fertility and structure, protects water resources and may contribute to climate change mitigation through carbon storage and to biodiversity preservation. It simultaneously maintains sustainable economic outputs for farmers and provides ecosystem services. Turf similarly c- siderably contributes to our environment by adding beauty to our surroundings, providing a safe playing surface for sports and recreation. The species diversity present in most grasslands and turfs is a functional div- sity contributing to the previously mentioned agronomic and environmental bene?ts. The species belong to different functional groups and the adequate species com- sition may maximise the agronomic performance through a higher production and a better quality and the environmental bene?ts through symbiotic nitrogen ?xation or sources of pollen and nectar to pollinators. In a given grassland or turf, the genetic diversity available in each variety contributes to this economic and environmental performance, but also to the stability of these performances including the stability of the resistance against pathogens and pests. Natural grasslands share many species with the sown swards. They may be regarded as favourable sites for in situ preservation of genetic diversity as well as valuable sources of diversity for breeding.
This book is a collection of papers presented at the 2009 meeting of the Fodder Crops and Amenity grasses section of Eucarpia. It provides a unique source of information on the most recent results on genetic diversity and breeding in forage crops and turf species from Europe and overseas. It is organised in five sections. The first section is devoted to genetic resources which are the source of diversity for breeding but also a source of information for a better preservation of diversity through biogeography approaches. The second section focuses on changes which may occur in grassland and turf swards. These swards are plant communities which are likely to experience species and genetic changes. Population genetics provides keys to understand these changes in order to take them into account during breeding and sward management. The third section documents the genetic gains achieved during breeding while the fourth one gives a detailed presentation of the results and potential of molecular biology to better use the genetic diversity. Eventually, the fifth section investigates the potential of new structures of varieties either exploiting the heterosis or the interspecific hybridization.
Inhaltsverzeichnis zu „Sustainable use of Genetic Diversity in Forage “
Grasslands and Forage Crops in France: Context and Stakes. Consequences for Breeding.- Genetic resources.- A State of the Art of Germplasm Collections for Forage and Turf Species.- Empirical Niche Modelling of the Spontaneous Diversity of Forage and Turf Species to Improve Collection and Ex Situ Conservation.- The Genetic Diversity of Fine-Leaved Fescue (Festuca L.) Species in Lithuania.- Plant Collection in Kazakhstan and Azerbaijan for Forage Improvement in Australia.- Effect of Light Quality and Quantity on Leaf Growth in Lolium perenne L..- Genetic Variation in Lowland Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.).- Morphological and Molecular Diversity of Branching in Red Clover (Trifolium pratense).- Genotypic Differences in Symbiotic N2 Fixation of Some Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) Genotypes.- Physiological and Genetic Diversity in Rhizobium sullae from Morocco.- Genetic Diversity in Tall Fescue Using AFLP Markers.- What are the Cellular Components Underlying the Genetic Diversity of Leaf Growth in Lolium perenne L.?.- Evaluation and Utilization of Morphological Variation in a Medicago truncatula Core Collection.- Genetic Diversity in a Collection of Lucerne Populations from the Mediterranean Basin Evaluated by SSR Markers.- Drought Survival of Some Perennial Grasses in Moroccan Rainfed Conditions: Agronomic Traits.- Drought Survival of Some Perennial Grasses in Moroccan Rainfed Conditions: Eco-physiological Traits.- Forage and Seed Yield Components in Four French Landraces of Grass Pea (Lathyrus sativus L.).- Development of Melilotus siculus - A New Salt and Waterlogging-tolerant Annual Fodder Legume Species for Mediterranean-type Climates.- Domestication of New Mediterranean Annual Pasture Legumes.- The Population Genetic Structure of Diploid Medicago sativa L. Germplasm.- Characterization and Preliminary Evaluation of Hedysarum coronarium L. Ecotypes in Mediterranean Environment.- Phenotypic Assessment of Variability in Tillering and Early Development in Ryegrass
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(Lolium spp.).- Agronomic Evaluation of Moroccan Ecotypes of Tall Fescue.- The Czech Core Collection of Trifolium repens L..- Towards an Enhanced Utilization of Plant Genetic Resources in Grass Breeding by Characterization and Evaluation Trials.- Genetic changes in grassland and turf communities.- Ecological and Population Genetic Concepts for Creating New Varieties.- Selection of Spaced Plants of Perennial Ryegrass in Association with White Clover.- Determination of Botanical Composition in Multispecies Forage Mixtures by Near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy.- Investigating the Competition for Water and the Depth of Water Extraction in Multispecies Grasslands Using 18O Natural Abundance.- Botanical and Genetic Change in Grass-clover Based Systems.- Plasticity Versus Selection in Morphological Evolution of Populations. A Case Study of Lolium perenne L. Mini-swards.- The Contribution of Hybrid Ryegrass (Lolium x hybridum Hausskn) to Dry Matter Yield in Mixtures with Perennial Ryegrass.- Characterisation of Variation in Condensed Tannin Levels and Persistence in Lotus spp..- Test and Selection of Festuca/Lolium Specific Markers for Festulolium Genetic Investigations.- Forage Production of Grasslands Composed by One, Two or Three Varieties of Perennial Ryegrass.- Genetic progresses to meet end-users' expectations.- Genetic Gain in Agronomic Value of Forage Crops and Turf: A Review.- Review of the Protocols Used for Assessment of DUS and VCU in Europe - Perspectives.- Modelling Adaptive Responses Across Agricultural Environments as a Prerequisite for Identifying Adaptive Traits and Plant Ideotypes.- Evaluation of Drought Tolerance Variability in Mediterranean Alfalfa Cultivars in the Field Under Moroccan Conditions.- Field Resistance of Festuca Rubra Varieties to Red Thread (Laetisaria Fuciformis).- Change in Agronomic Performance of Lolium perenne and Lolium multiflorum Varieties in the Past 40 Years Based on Data from Belgian VCU Trials.- Impact of Four Decades of Breeding on Molecular Differentiation Between Forage and Turf Cultivars of Lolium Perenne.- Chemical Composition of the First Cut of Forage Ryegrass (Lolium) Species.- Variability and Correlative Relations of Important Traits for Red Clover (Trifolium pratense L.) Half Sib progenies.- Genetic Diversity Within and Among Alfalfa Varieties for Some Traits.- Genetic Improvement in Ryegrass (Lolium perenne) from Turf and Forage Breeding Over the Four Past Decades.- The EUCARPIA Multi-Site Rust Evaluation - Results 2007.- Dry Matter Production and Nutritive Value of Perennial Ryegrass Cultivars Collection.- Variability and Correlation Between the Seed Yield, Seed Yield Components and Quality of Alfalfa Seed.- Influence of Forage Species, Cultivar and Cut on Lipid Metabolism During the Ensiling Process.- Variability of the Rumen Escape Protein and Fatty Acid Composition of Grass and Clover Species and Cultivars.- Comparison of Different Low-Input Lignocellulosic Crops as Feedstock for Bio-ethanol Production.- Occurrence of Colletotrichum trifolii (Bain et Essary), the Inducer of Alfalfa Anthracnose in Serbia.- Resistance of Red Clover to Broad Spectrum of Sclerotinia trifoliorum.- Molecular biology and biotechnologies for an appropriate management and creation of genetic diversity.- Marker-assisted Selection in Forage Crops and Turf: A Review.- Allelic Diversity for Candidate Genes and Association Studies: Methods and Results.- Polyploidization and Gene Expression in Medicago sativa.- Characterization of Dehydrin Variants Linked to Freezing Tolerance in Alfalfa at the DNA and Post-transcriptional Levels.- The Complete Chloroplast Genome Sequence of Perennial Ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) Reveals Useful Polymorphisms Among European Ecotypes.- Exploring the Potential for Translational Genomics Approaches in Forage Legumes: Regions of Highly Conserved Microsynteny Between White Clover and Medicago truncatula Revealed by BAC Sequencing.- Plant Transcription Factors as Novel Molecular Markers for Legumes.- From a Model to a Crop Species: Constans is Involved in Aerial Morphogenesis of Lucerne.- QTL for Water Use Efficiency in Alfalfa.- QTL Mapping of Aluminum Tolerance in Tetraploid Alfalfa.- DArTFest - A Platform for High-Throughput Genome Profiling Within the Festuca - Lolium Complex.- Vegetative Plant Height QTLs in Elite Perennial Ryegrass Material.- Genotyping Unknown Genomic Terrain in Complex Plant Genomes.- Fine Mapping of Quantitative Trait Loci for Biomass Yield in Perennial Ryegrass.- Testing a QTL Index for Marker Selection of Water-Soluble Carbohydrate Content in Perennial Ryegrass.- Dissecting Festulolium Chromosome 3 to Locate Rooting and Drought Resistance Traits.- Functional Analysis of Genes Involved in Cell Wall Biosynthesis of the Model Species Brachypodium distachyon to Improve Saccharification.- Identification of Genes Induced in Lolium multiflorum by Bacterial Wilt Infection.- Identification of QTLs Associated with Morphological and Agronomic Traits in White Clover (Trifolium repens L.).- Type and structure of varieties to better exploit genetic diversity.- Festulolium Hybrids: Results, Limits and Prospects.- Creation of Heterotic Groups and Hybrid Varieties.- Enhancing the Adaptation to Italian Environments of Egyptian Lucerne Germplasm for Exploitation as a Component of Free-hybrids.- F1² Performance of Tetraploid Perennial Ryegrass on the Basis of the Composition of a Synthetic Variety.- Seed Yield of New Festulolium Varieties Bred from F. Arundinacea Var. Glaucescens.- Production of Self-Fertile Interspecific Hybrids Between Lolium temulentum × Lolium multiflorum.- Introgression of Novel Traits into White Clover (Trifolium repens L.) from Related Trifolium Species.- Studies on the Expression of Exogenous CBF4 Gene in Transgenic Wheatgrass.- Heterotic Response from a Diallel Analysis between Alfalfa Cultivars of Different Geographic Origin.- Using Bulk-Hybrids for Breeding Adapted Genotypes of Subterranean Clover.- Fiber Content and Plant Development in Festulolium.- Identification of Heterotic Patterns in Perennial Ryegrass.
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Bibliographische Angaben
- 2010, XXXII, 572 Seiten, Masse: 16 x 24,1 cm, Gebunden, Englisch
- Herausgegeben: Christian Huyghe
- Verlag: Springer Netherland
- ISBN-10: 9048187052
- ISBN-13: 9789048187058
Sprache:
Englisch
Rezension zu „Sustainable use of Genetic Diversity in Forage “
From the reviews:"This book contains reviews and reports of genetic diversity in forage and turf presented at the 28th Conference of the EUCARPIA Fodder Crops and Amenity Grasses Section, held in La Rochelle, France in 2009. ... This book is a comprehensive source of information that suggests directions for future breeding of forage and turf. It is also a useful text book for students studying genetics, physiology and agronomy of forage and turf species." (Sachiko Isobe, Annals of Botany, Vol. 111 (1), January, 2013)
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