Signals in the Soil

Introduction.- Part 1: Physical Layer for Wireless Underground Communications.- Introduction to Wireless Underground (UG) Communications.- Electromagnetic Characteristics of the Soil.- Wireless Underground Channel Modeling.- Part 2: Underground Antenna and Radio Interface Technologies.- Modulation Schemes.- Channel Bandwidth and Capacity.- Energy Harvesting.- Underground Antenna Design.- UG Phased Arrays and Beamforming.- Diversity Reception.- Part 3: Novel Soil Sensing Techniques.- Soil Sensing.- Soil Moisture and Permittivity Estimation.- Zenneck Waves on Soil Surface .- Part 4: IOUT Applications in Urban Underground Infrastructure.- Monitoring and Real-time Soil Monitoring and Irrigation Automation.- Internet of Underground Things Advancements.- Digital Agriculture.- Autonomous Irrigation Management Architecture.- Urban Underground Infrastructure Monitoring.- Part 5: Recent Advances in Testbed Design and Implementation.- Empirical Results.- Conclusion.

Dr. Abdul Salam is an Assistant Professor with the Department of Computer and Information Technology, Purdue University. He holds a Ph.D. from University of Nebraska-Lincoln. He is the Director of the Environmental Networking Technology Laboratory at Purdue University. He has also taught at the Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan and Islamia University, Bahawalpur. He served in Pakistan Army for nine years in a number of command, staff, and field roles. He held the principal position at the Army Public School and College, Thal Cantonment. He has won several awards including the ICCCN 2016 Best Student Paper Award, the Robert B. Daugherty Water for Food Institute Fellowship, the Gold Medal MS (CS) on securing first position in order of merit, and the 2016-2017 Outstanding Graduate Student Research Award from the University of Nebraska-Lincoln. He is the author of two books, Internet of Things for Sustainable Community Development, and Signals in the Soil. He has published over 50 research articles in major journals and international conferences. His recent research focuses on underground soil sensing, wireless communications, Internet of underground things in digital agriculture, sensor-guided irrigation systems, and vehicular communications. He has served as an Associate Editor for the IEEE GRSS Remote Sensing Code Library from 2016 to 2018. He serves as the Associate Editor of the Advanced Electromagnetics Journal and Array (Elsevier). Dr. Salam received his B.Sc. and M.S. degrees in computer science from Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan, in 2001 and 2004, respectively, the M.S. degree in computer engineering from UET, Taxila, Pakistan, in 2012, and the Ph.D. degree in computer engineering from the Cyber-Physical Networking Laboratory, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA.

Usman Raza is a Ph.D. student in computer and information technology at the Purdue University and a research