Hulled Wheat

1.    INTRODUCTION (Ahmad Amri, Director, ICARDA) 1.1.Global importance1.2.Uses  2.    DOMESTICATION of HULLED WHEAT (Özlem Özbek, Nusret Zencirci)2.1.Introduction 2.2.Cytogenetic and Taxonomic Background2.3.The Domestication Geography of Hulled Wheats2.4.Wheat Landraces (Emmer and Einkorn wheats)2.4.1.  Wheat Landraces Cultivation2.4.2.  Quality Characteristics of Landraces2.4.3.  Disease Resistance of Wheat Landraces 2.4.4.  Variations in Adaptation of Wheat Landraces2.5.Conventional and Alternative Wheat Production Systems2.6.Einkorn Wheat Breeding2.7.Emmer Wheat Breeding2.8.Spelt Wheat Breeding2.9.Agronomical Performance and Breeding Value of Diploid Wheat, T. monococcum 3.    TAXONOMY, EVOLUTION, DISTRIBUTION and ORIGIN (S.B. Faheem, Hüsnü Aktas, Awais Rasheed, CIMMYT, CHINA)3.1.Taxonomy3.2.Evolution3.3.Distribution3.4.Origin 4.    EVALUATION of GENETIC DIVERSITY and ITS UTILIZATION (Özlem Özbek)4.1  Evaluation of Genetic Diversity in Hulled Wheat Germplasm Using 4.1.1.      Molecular markers4.1.2.      Biochemical markers4.2  Dimension of Diversity 4.3  Variation in Quality Traits4.4  The Status of The Maintenance and Use of Hulled Wheat Genetic Diversity4.5  Importance of Hulled Wheat as a Genetic Resource for Improvement of Cultivated Wheats and the Need to Restore Diversity 5.     CONSERVATION STRATEGIES (Hakan Ulukan, Nusret Zencirci, Ahmad Amri)5.1      In situ Conservation5.2      Ex situ Conservation5.3      Agrobiodiversity Conservation5.4      Conservation and Utilization of Wheat5.5   On-Farm Dynamic Conservation of Hulled Wheat and Sustainable Utilization of Wheat Landraces5.6   On-Farm Research Breeding and Selection of Wheat Landraces5.7      Public and Community Seed Saving and Exchange Systems5.8      Farmer's Evaluation and Conservation of Crop Genetic Resources5.9      The Seed Gene Banks 6.     SOCIOECONOMIC ASPECTS OF HULLED WHEAT (Turgay Sanal, Sevinç Karabak, Aliye Pehlivan, Asuman Kaplan Evlice)6.1   Agronomic Practices and Socioeconomic

Nusret Zencirci is a graduate of Çukurova University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Field Crops. He worked as a wheat breeder in the Central Research Institute of for Field Crops, Ankara and served as a National and International Coordinator to National and Internatioanal Wheat programs and also to Interntaional Winter Wheat Improvement Program. He is professor now at Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Science and Art Faculty, Biology Department, Bolu, Turkey. He is a member of various editorial boards in many international journals. He is, with his team, breeder of 22 bread and durum wheat cultivars. His research interests are Cereals, Biotic and Abiotic Stresses, Plant Genetic Resources, and Wheat Breeding.Hakan Ulukan is a graduate of University of Ankara, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Field Crops. He is professor at the same department. He is a member of various editorial boards as a reviwer, editor-in-chief, and associate editor of many high level national and international journals such as JAS, Euphytica, CRC, PJBS, IJAB, etc. His research interests are Cereals and Legumes, Biotic and Abiotic Stresses, Agronomy, Ecology, Plant Genetic Resources, Gene Banks, Gene Centers, Wild Wheats, Plant Domestication, Plant Breeding, Rust Resistance Sources in Wheats, Global Warming Effect(s) on Crops.Calvin Qualset is Professor Emeritus at the University of California-Davis, USA. He taught courses in genetics, genetic resources conservation, plant breeding and agronomy and mentored more than 75 graduate students and postdoctorals. His team developed 20 varieties of wheat, oat, and triticale. He is past President of the American Society of Agronomy and the Crop Science Society of America. He was a Fulbright Scholar to Australia and Serbia. He has been Principal Investigator on several multi-institutional projects on wheat genomics and in situ conservation of milpa crops in Mexico. He has served on Editorial Boards of several journals and led reviews of a