Cell Mechanics and Cellular Engineering

I Constitutive Modeling and Mechanical Properties of Circulating Cells.- 1. Human Neutrophils under Mechanical Stress.- 2. Viscous Behavior of Leukocytes.- 3. Shear Rate-Dependence of Leukocyte Cytoplasmic Viscosity.- 4. Cell Tumbling in Laminar Flow: Cell Velocity is a Unique Function of the Shear Rate.- II Flow-Induced Effects on Cell Morphology and Function.- 5. The Regulation of Vascular Endothelial Biology by Flow.- 6. Flow Modulation of Receptor Function in Leukocyte Adhesion to Endothelial Cells.- 7. Osteoblast Responses to Steady Shear Stress.- 8. Effects of Shear Stress on Cytoskeletal Structure and Physiological Functions of Cultured Endothelial Cells.- III Mechanics and Biology of Cell-Substrate Interactions.- 9. Kinetics and Mechanics of Cell Adhesion under Hydrodynamic Flow: Two Cell Systems.- 10. Initial Steps of Cell-Substrate Adhesion.- 11. A Cell-Cell Adhesion Model for the Analysis of Micropipette Experiments.- IV Cell-Matrix Interactions and Adhesion Molecules.- 12. Biphasic Theory and In Vitro Assays of Cell-Fibril Mechanical Interactions in Tissue-Equivalent Gels.- 13. Mechanical Load ± Growth Factors Induce [Ca2+]i Release, Cyclin D1 Expression and DNA Synthesis in Avian Tendon Cells.- 14. Cytomechanics of Transdifferentiation.- V Molecular and Biophysical Mechanisms of Mechanical Signal Transduction.- 15. Signal Transduction Cascades Involved in Mechanoresponsive Changes in Gene Expression.- 16. Cytoskeletal Plaque Proteins as Regulators of Cell Motility, and Tumor Suppressors.- 17. Mechanical Signal Transduction and G Proteins.- 18. Modeling Mechanical-Electrical Transduction in the Heart.- 19. Cellular Tensegrity and Mechanochemical Transduction.- VI Physical Regulation of Tissue Metabolic Activity.- 20. Stress, Strain, Pressure and Flow Fields in Articular Cartilage and Chondrocytes.- 21. Deformation-Induced Calcium Signaling in Articular Chondrocytes.- 22. The Effects of Hydrostatic and Osmotic Pressures on Chondrocyte Metabolism.- 23.

The subject of Cell Mechanics and Cellular Engineering is a rapidly growing interdisciplinary subject based on the application of methods and principles from engineering and the life sciences to the study of cellular function, and the development of biological substitutes to restore cellular function. The application of mechanical principles to the study of growth dates back to Galileo and Hooke in the 17th century, but recent developments in laboratory techniques and computational methods have lead to significant advances.