Particle Physics

Suggested Short Course Inside Front Cover Editors' preface to the Manchester Physics Series xiii Authors' preface xv Notes xvii 1 Some basic concepts 1 1.1 Introduction 1 1.2 Antiparticles 3 1.3 Interactions and Feynman diagrams 9 1.4 Particle exchange 15 1.5 Units and dimensions 19 Problems 1 22 2 Leptons and the weak interaction 24 2.1 Lepton multiplets and lepton numbers 24 2.2 Leptonic weak interactions 31 2.3 Neutrino masses and neutrino mixing 35 Problems 2 50 3 Quarks and hadrons 52 3.1 Quarks 53 3.2 General properties of hadrons 55 3.3 Pions and nucleons 58 3.4 Strange particles, charm and bottom 61 3.5 Short-lived hadrons 66 3.6 Allowed and exotic quantum numbers 72 Problems 3 75 4 Experimental methods 77 4.1 Overview 77 4.2 Accelerators and beams 79 4.3 Particle interactions with matter 86 4.4 Particle detectors 95 4.5 Detector systems and accelerator experiments 112 4.6 Non-accelerator experiments 121 Problems 4 123 5 Space-time symmetries 126 5.1 Translational invariance 127 5.2 Rotational invariance 129 5.3 Parity 135 5.4 Charge conjugation 142 5.5 Positronium 145 5.6 Time reversal 149 Problems 5 153 6 The quark model 155 6.1 Isospin symmetry 156 6.2 The lightest hadrons 162 6.3 The L = 0 heavy quark states 174 6.4 Colour 177 6.5 Charmonium and bottomonium 184 Problems 6 191 7 QCD, jets and gluons 193 7.1 Quantum chromodynamics 193 7.2 Electron-positron annihilation 210 Problems 7 215 8 Quarks and partons 217 8.1 Elastic electron scattering: the size of the proton 217 8.2 Inelastic electron and muon scattering 222 8.3 Inelastic neutrino scattering 231 8.4 Other processes 236 8.5 Current and constituent quarks 243 Problems 8 246 9 Weak interactions: quarks and leptons 248 9.1 Charged current reactions 250 9.2 The third generation 262 Problems 9 274 10 Weak interactions: electroweak unification 276 10.1 Neutral currents and the unified theory 277 10.2 Gauge invariance and the Higgs boson 287 Problems 10 305 11 Discrete symmetries: C, P, CP and CPT 308