Hypoparathyroidism

Preface.- Part I ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY OF THE PARATHYROID GLANDS.- 1 The History: from Fuller Albright to the sequence of Parathyroid Hormone.- 2 Embryology of the parathyroid glands.- 3 PTH and PTH-related peptides.- 4 PTH assays and their clinical significance.- 5 Calcium-control of PTH secretion.- 6 Phosphate control of PTH secretion.- 7 Role of magnesium in Parathyroid Physiology.- 8 The vitamin D/FGF23/PTH axis.- 9 The PTH receptorsome and transduction pathways.- 10 G protein Gs and GNAS imprinting.- 11 PTH actions on bone and kidney.- 12 PTH and PTHrp: non-classical target.- 13 In vitro cellular models of parathyroid cells.- II CONDITIONS OF HYPOPARATHYROIDISM.- 14 Epidemiology of hypoparathyropidism.- 15 Clinical Presentation of Hypoparathyroidism.- 16 Isolated, Familial Hypoparathyroidism.- 17 Autoimmune Hypoparathyroidism.- 18 DiGeorge Syndrome (M. Tarsitano).- 19 Hypoparathyroidism, Deafness and renal dysplasia syndrome.- 20 Hypoparathyroidism, dwarfism, Medullary stenosis of long bones and eye abnormalities (Kenny- Caffey) Syndrome and hypoparathyroidism, retardation and dysmorphism (Sanjad-Sakati) Syndrome.- 21 Hypoparathyroidism in mitochondrial disorders.- 22 Postoperative hypoparathyroidism.- 23 Hypoparathyroidism during pregnancy, lactation, and fetal/neonatal development.- 24 Other forms of acquired hypoparathyroidism (radiation-induced, infiltrative disorders, heavy-metal storage disorders, post burn, maternal hyperparathyroidism).- 25 Refractory hypoparathyroidism.- 26 Bone features in hypoparathyroidism.- 27 Management of acute hypocalcemia.- 28 Conventional Treatment in chronic hypoparathyroidism.- 29 Follow-up in chronic hypoparathyroidism.- 30 Replacement therapy with PTH1-34.- 31 Replacement Therapy with PTH1-84.- III FUNCTIONAL HYPOPARATHYROIDISM.- 32 Classification of pseudohypoparathyroidism and differential diagnosis.- 33 Pseudohypoparathyroidism type Ia, Pseudopseudohypoparathyroidism and Albright Hereditary Osteodystrophy.- 34