Development, Democracy, and Welfare States

List of Figures xi List of Tables xiii Preface and Acknowledgments xvii Abbreviations xxiii INTRODUCTION: Toward a Political Economy of Social Policy 1 PART ONE: The Historical Origins of Welfare Systems, 1945-80 25 CHAPTER ONE: Social Policy in Latin America, East Asia, and Eastern Europe, 1945-80: An Overview 27 CHAPTER TWO: The Expansion of Welfare Commitments in Latin America, 1945-80 79 CHAPTER THREE: The Evolution of Social Contracts in East Asia, 1950-80 114 CHAPTER FOUR: Building the Socialist Welfare State: The Expansion of Welfare Commitments in Eastern Europe 143 PART TWO: Democratization, Economic Crisis, and Welfare Reform, 1980-2005 179 CHAPTER FIVE: The Political Economy of Welfare Reform 181 CHAPTER SIX: Democracy, Growth, and the Evolution of Social Contracts in East Asia, 1980-2005 221 CHAPTER SEVEN: Democracy, Economic Crisis, and Social Policy in Latin America, 1980-2005 262 CHAPTER EIGHT: The Legacy of the Socialist Welfare State, 1990-2005 305 CONCLUSION: Latin America, East Asia, Eastern Europe, and the Theory of the Welfare State 346 APPENDIX ONE: Cross-National Empirical Studies of the Effects of Democracy on Social Policy and Social Outcomes 365 APPENDIX TWO: Fiscal Federalism and Social Spending in Latin America, East Asia, and Eastern Europe 370 APPENDIX THREE: A Cross-Section Model of Social Policy and Outcomes in Middle-Income Countries, 1973-80 372 APPENDIX FOUR: Regime-Coding Rules 379 APPENDIX FIVE: A Cross-Section, Time-Series Model of Social Spending in Latin America, East Asia, and Eastern Europe, 1980-2000 382 APPENDIX SIX: Social Security, Health, and Education Expenditure in East Asia, Latin America, and Eastern Europe, 1980-2005 387 References 399 Index 449

Stephan Haggard is the Lawrence and Sallye Krause Professor of Korea-Pacific Studies at the University of California, San Diego. Robert R. Kaufman is professor of political science at Rutgers University.

A major undertaking that will make a significant contribution to the scholarship on welfare states in political science and sociology. This ambitious book provides a wealth of information on twenty-one countries' social welfare trajectories from the end of World War II to the present. Haggard and Kaufman provide quantitative analysis of trends with detailed country histories, which makes for an empirically rich account.