Cytolytic immune lymphocytes

The Monograph: "Cytotoxic Lymphocytes of the Human Host. Products of the Evolving Universal Immune System." Joseph G. Sinkovics. St. Joseph's Hospital Cancer Institute Affiliated with the H.L. Moffitt Comprehensive Cancer Center at the University of South Florida; Departments of Medical Microbiology & Immunology, and Molecular Medicine, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA.The German-Hungarian Publisher SchenkVerlag Campus Dialog (Pécs, Hungary; Passau, Germany: dialogv@t-online.de) publishes this monograph. This presentation is an illustrated account of the monograph's contents. Part I is devoted to molecular cell biology re-capitulating the formation of the first cells, their vertical and horizontal acquisition of new genes, using for examples extant archaea and primitive prokaryotes. A bold proposal is elaborated on the formation of the first eukaryotic nucleated cells from ancient virally mediated fusions of archaeal and prokaryotic spheroplasts. A detailed account on the evolution of viruses follows. The well preserved innate immune faculties (TLRs, chemokines, cytokines, complement, opsonins and bactericidal substances) include a detailed description of the interferons, and interfering iRNAs. The first multicellular organisms in the Cambrian sea already possessed dendritic cells and natural killer (NK) cells. Part II traces back the origin of the RAG, RSS and V(D)J genomic sequences to ancient retrotransposons entering the genomes of ancient sharks. Another original proposal is that an ancestral herpesvirus transduced the RAG genes from sea urchins to sharks; the extant EBV still operates RAG-like genomic sequences. The entire adaptive immune system consisting of NKT, CD4 and CD8 T cells and antibody-secreting plasma cells becomes functional at this level. On one side, there is a fine-tuned cooperation between the innate and adaptive immune systems. On the other side, the mammalian placenta compromised the united innate and adaptive