Anaphora and Definite Descriptions

I: Introduction to Game-Theoretical Semantics.- 1. General.- 2. Formal first-order languages.- 3. Equivalence with Tarski-type truth-definitions.- 4. Translation to higher-order languages.- 5. Partially ordered quantifiers.- 6. Subgames and functional interpretations.- 7. Extension to natural languages.- 8. Similarities and differences between formal and natural languages.- 9. Competing ordering principles.- 10. Atomic sentences.- 11. Further rules for natural languages.- 12. Explanatory strategies.- Notes to Part I.- II: Definite Descriptions.- 1. Russell on definite descriptions.- 2. Prima facie difficulties with Russell's theory.- 3. Can we localize Russell's theory?.- 4. Game-theoretical solution to the localization problem.- 5. Anaphoric "the" in formal languages.- 6. Applications.- 7. Epithetic and counterepithetic the-phrases.- 8. Vagaries of the alleged head-anaphor relation.- 9. The anaphoric use of definite descriptions as a semantical phenomenon.- 10. The quantifier-exclusion phenomenon in natural languages.- 11. Inductive choice sets.- 12. Other uses of "the".- 13. The Russellian use.- 14. The generic use motivated.- 15. Conclusions from the "pragmatic deduction".- Notes to Part II.- III: Towards a Semantical Theory of Pronominal Anaphora.- I: Different Approaches to Anaphora.- 1. Approaches to anaphora in terms of the head relation.- 2. Recent Approaches to anaphora in terms of coreference assignments.- 3. Discourse anaphora. Anaphora vs. deixis?.- II: A Game-Theoretical Approach to Anaphora.- 4. Anaphoric the-phrases as a paradigm case.- 5. Came rules for anaphoric pronouns.- 6. What is the logic of anaphoric pronouns?.- 7. Different kinds of pronouns.- 8. Consequences of the rules.- 9. Subgames and discourse anaphora.- 10. The nature of anaphoric pronouns and the concepts of sentence and scope.- III: The Exclusion Principle.- 11. Partially exclusive interpretation needed.- 12. Peculiarities of pronouns.- 13. The Exclusion Principle and reflexive

Jaakko Hintikka is the author or co-author of thirty volumes and of some 300 scholarly articles in mathematical and philosophical logic, epistemology, language theory, philosophy of science, history of ideas and history of philosophy, including Aristotle, Descartes, Leibniz, Kant, Peirce, The Bloomsbury Group, Husserl and Wittgenstein. He has also been active in international scholarly organizations, most recently as the First Vice-President of FISP, Vice-President of IIP and Co-Chair of the American Organizing Committee of the Twentieth World Congress of Philosophy. He has been Editor-in-Chief of the International Journal Synthese and the Managing Editor of Synthese Library since 1965.

`Unlike previous work, (Hintikka and Kulas') theory offers a unified account of intrasentential and discourse anaphora, including deictic uses of anaphoric elements. Further, it deals with the well-studied syntactic constraints on anaphora while at the same time providing a precise truth-conditional semantics. In terms of comprehensiveness and theoretical elegance, this work sets a new standard for the study of anaphora.' Tom Wasow, Center for the Study of Language and Information, Stanford University